Week 4 : International Framework of Sustainable Development

As for Week 4, we had a class at KENMS focusing on the key conventions, declarations agreement and framework of sustainable development, Sejahtera definition and concept and Sejahtera as the local implementation of sustainable development.

1. Our lecturer started by explaining the history of global conferences that provided a platform for the development of global strategies for sustainable development. It started in 1972 which the UN Conference on Human Development until 2016 which is the SDG.

2. Then, we proceed to the Rio de Janeiro Conference, which took place in 1992, 20 years after Stockholm. They produced the Rio Declaration and Agenda 21. They also led to agreement on two other conventions which then became open for signature. 

3. Then, we proceed to the Kyoto Protocol which was in Japan, in December 1997. They came into effect on February 16, 2005. Their focus was on greenhouse gases.

4. Next, we have Johannesburg, South Africa. Their focus was on the world's attention and direct action on meeting difficult challenges including improving people's lives and conserving our natural resources in a world that is growing in population. But the main focus of the conference was oceans, coasts and islands. 

5. Bali United Nations Conference brings together 180 countries to produce ambitious results capable of providing a global response to the challenges of climate change.

Then, our lecturer explained the Sejahtera definition and concept. It refers to a condition of overall harmony, balance, and prosperity in all aspects of life, including physical, mental, social, and environmental health. Sejahtera is frequently connected with a harmonious and sustainable style of life in which individuals, communities, and nations coexist peacefully, with justice, fairness, and respect for the environment.

Lastly, Sejahtera is the local implementation of sustainable development. We can see this local implementation through clinics, and policies in Malaysia such as Shared Prosperity Vision 2030 and Five Wisdom of Falsafah Pendidikan Kebangsaan.